A2.2.1 Cells are the basic structural unit of all living organisms
A2.2.4 There are structures common to all cells in all living organisms
A2.2.7 Processes of life in unicellular organisms include homeostasis, metabolism, nutrition, movement, excretion, growth, response to stimuli and reproduction.
A2.2.5 Students must learn prokaryote cell structure including: cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, naked DNA in a loop and 70S ribosomes. Students should also appreciate that prokaryote cell structure varies.
A2.2.6 Students should be familiar with features common to eukaryotic cells:
• a plasma membrane enclosing a compartmentalized cytoplasm with 80S ribosomes
• a nucleus with chromosomes made of DNA bound to histones contained in a double membrane with pores
• membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and a variety of vesicles or vacuoles including lysosomes
• a cytoskeleton of microtubules and microfilaments
A2.2.8 Identify the differences in eukaryotic cell structure between animals, fungi and plants
A2.2.9 Students must understand that certain eukaryotic cells have an atypical cell structure, and be able to name examples.
A2.2.10 Cell types and cell structures viewed in light and electron
A2.2.11 Drawing and annotation based on electron micrographs
A2.2.14 Multicellularity has the advantage of allowing larger body size and cell specialization.
A2.2.13 Cell differentiation is the process for developing specialized tissues in multicellular organisms
A2.2.12 Origin of eukaryotic cells by endosymbiosis